Kishore 2026 — Gut microbiome in fibromyalgia (scoping review)
One-paragraph summary
Scoping review consolidating 20 years of microbiome–FM research. Findings: FM patients show (1) reduced butyrate-producing bacteria and increased pro-inflammatory species, (2) compromised intestinal barrier integrity, (3) systemic immune activation with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, (4) neurochemical disruptions (serotonin deficiency, GABA/glutamate imbalance, reduced SCFAs) implicating the gut-brain axis directly in central sensitization. Treatment-focused studies were excluded by design — the review explicitly does not attempt to evaluate FMT or probiotic interventions. Adds the intestinal_permeability mechanism to the project's mechanism map.
Claims as triples
- gut_brain_axis_disruption — causes → intestinal_permeability [evidence: review consensus; confidence: emerging]
- intestinal_permeability — modulates → neuroinflammation_glial [evidence: barrier compromise → systemic immune activation → cytokines → CNS inflammation; confidence: emerging]
- short_chain_fatty_acid — present_in → fm_central_only [evidence: SCFA reduction in FM; confidence: emerging]
Methods note
Systematic search of PubMed/Scopus/Web of Science over the prior 20 years; narrative synthesis. Authors based in India (orthopedic / rheumatology). Treatment studies excluded.
Limitations
- Narrative-synthesis review (not systematic with risk-of-bias assessment).
- Excludes treatment evidence — pairs naturally with the Martín Pérez 2024 FMT review.
- Indian-author group; Western/Karolinska-group microbiome-FM work may be undercited.
Triangulation notes
- Closes the upstream link of the autoimmune chain: dysbiosis → barrier compromise → systemic immune activation. Combined with Jakobsson 2026 (specific BA intermediate) and Hanani 2026 (anti-SGC IgG → multi-ganglia activation), the B2 chain has review-tier consolidation in addition to specific mechanistic anchors.
- Anchor for the new
intestinal_permeabilityontology entity.